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Zhao Han also said qualitatively: "The "Law of Rites" covers general etiquette, but major changes must be made! Take funerals as an example, you can organize funerals, but you are not allowed to invite opera troupes to play music, nor monks and Taoists to do things. I follow Ancient rituals, not to mention the three generations, that is, the Han and Tang Dynasties, which family would hire a theater troupe when their parents died? Also, the three-year mourning period is too long, and only one year is required for the death of parents! The marriage part in "Ritual Law" roughly follows " "Laws of the Ming Dynasty", but the commentary on the husband as the wife should be changed. Husband and wife go their own way, which is the code of ethics. If the husband is not good, the wife can ask for reconciliation and divorce. When the husband dies, the wife can remarry, and the tribe and the government must not stop it!"

"Please remember." Chen Wenkui bowed his hands and accepted the order.

The "Law of Etiquette" mentioned by Zhao Han actually includes the "Law of Marriage".

But in ancient times, the family was not a small family of three, but a big family with a large family. Zhao Han could only limit each household to a maximum of ten people (over 12 years old).

This is determined by productivity, and the productivity in ancient times has not yet reached the point of being generally divided into small families.

"Ritual Law" was very important in ancient times. Take "Da Ming Law" as an example, a large amount of content at the beginning is all about etiquette.

Chen Wenkui asked: "Your Majesty, what instructions does the "Publishing Law" have?"

Zhao Han said: "First, don't disregard the facts and create rumors; second, don't violate public order and good customs."

Chen Wenkui was blinded in an instant, saying this was tantamount to not saying it, it was a completely ambiguous instruction.Even when it comes to law enforcement, it has unlimited maneuverability. If the government wants to ban a book, it must directly designate it as violating public order and good customs.

"Okay, let's not talk about this," Zhao Han said, "today's court meeting, let's talk about other things. I learned something from reading today, and the master said: 'The people can be taught, but they can't be taught.' What is the explanation for this statement?" ?”

Zhao Han's court meeting has actually become a Jingyan meeting.

In addition to instilling knowledge of astronomy and geography to officials and the benefits of opening the sea to the country, they also often discuss Confucian classics—competing for the right to interpret Confucian classics!

Zhang Pu dragged his sick body, and immediately replied: "Reporting to Your Majesty, Zhu Zi has made it very clear in "The Analects of Confucius" and quoted Cheng Zi's words. Confucius taught without distinction, not because he didn't let the people know the truth. But The people are really ignorant, and it is impossible for everyone to understand. Therefore, when governing the country, as long as the people know how to do it, there is no need for everyone to know why they do it. This is a helpless move.”

"No," Qian Qianyi said, "Zhu Zi's commentary said that the people can make it a matter of course, but they can't make them know why. It means that the people only need to know what to do, but they can't let the people know why. Do it. This is the way to govern the people. People’s thoughts are very different. Even if it is the same principle, when facing the same thing, different people will have different ideas. Let the people know why, and they will inevitably live in chaos. Let them not know."

Zhang Pu retorted: "Then why did Zhu Zi still quote Cheng Zi's words? The shepherd explained to His Majesty in this way, is it to let His Majesty practice the art of going from place to place?"

Cheng Zi's comment is: If the sage does not let the people know the truth, it belongs to the art of governing the country of later generations, and it is not the sage's original intention.

Qian Qianyi explained: "The technique of going from place to place refers to the original intention. If it is to deceive the people, it is a technique of going from place to place. If it is for the purpose of governing the country and the people, it is not a technique of going from place to place."

This can only be blamed on Zhu Xi. When annotating "The Analects of Confucius", he was really ambiguous, no matter how he understood it.

All the ministers in the court insisted on their own opinions, and the scene was chaotic.

After Chen Maosheng became Minister of the Ministry of Rites, he was also tutoring homework every day, and he had already memorized at least four books.He cupped his hands and said: "Your Majesty, I believe that there is a problem with the punctuation of this sentence. It can be concluded as: the people can, let them know. If not, let them know. "

"Chen Shangshu is right." Xu Ying immediately expressed her support.

Now the quarrel became more joyful, and the two factions split into three factions.

Pang Chunlai half-closed his eyes, and said with a smile: "Your Majesty said that he got something out of studying, but I think His Majesty has something else to say."

All the ministers were quiet, waiting to hear the emperor's explanation.

Zhao Han said: "I was reading Zhu Zi's works today, and I came across an "Answer to Fan Bochong". Zhu Zi said that the people can only be taught by their ears. As for knowing it, they must wait for their self-awareness. , if you know it, you will definitely not come to it, and what you have reached is also too far away, and it is no different from what you can’t reach.”

Zhu Xi said in the article: It is enough to let the people implement the law. As for making them understand the truth, it depends on the people's self-consciousness and cannot be forced by the government.Knowing only how to do it, but not knowing why it is done, does not prevent the people from comprehending the truth.It would be best if the common people understood it by themselves.First let the people know how to do it, and then let the people understand why they do it. It is a process from the shallower to the deeper.Forcing the people to understand, the people may never be able to understand, even if they understand, they will be biased, which is no different from not understanding.

"Of course!"

Qian Qianyi and Zhang Pu said at the same time that their different understandings lead to the same goal in Zhu Xi's passage.

Qian Qianyi said: "Don't let the people know why it is. What you want to guard against is the younger generation. If you can know why and understand the truth by yourself, you will be a gentleman in this generation."

"Nonsense," Zhang Pu scolded angrily, "If you can't understand the truth, you are a villain. How many villains are there in the world?"

Qian Qianyi retorted: "I didn't say that it is villains who cannot understand the truth, but that we should prevent villains from understanding the truth indiscriminately, or even deliberately distorting the truth."

Although there are still disputes, Zhu Xi's "Answer to Fan Bochong" has unified the understanding of all the ministers on "the people can let them know what they want, but they can't make them know".

However, this is not what Zhao Han needs.

Zhao Han smiled and said, "My understanding of this sentence is roughly the same as Zhu Zi's, but there are some differences."

"Your Majesty, please speak clearly." Li Banghua said.

Zhao Han asked: "Have you ever heard that, if you persevere, you will never break a rotten tree?"

Ai Julius, a foreigner, rushed to answer: "This sentence comes from "Xunzi Encouraging Learning."

Zhao Han asked again: "Have you ever read "Book of Jin" and "Yanzi"? In "Book of Jin", the rotten wood is not broken, but it is written as rotten wood. I don’t know it. The folding in "Yanzi" is written as knowledge. "Fold" and "knowledge" seem to be the same word in ancient times. "The people can use it, but they can't make it known", can it be interpreted as "the people can use it, but they can't break it"?"

As soon as this remark came out, everyone in the court was shocked. This is to tamper with Confucian classics!

Zhao Han continued: "Does the word Yu have a guiding meaning?"

Ai Julius was dumbfounded. With such a change, the sentence became: The people can be guided, but they cannot be forced to submit.

In fact, Zhao Han's understanding is based on the Chu bamboo slips unearthed in later generations.

It was a batch of bamboo slips from the Warring States period, and there were two sentences in it: The people can teach the way, but not the wisdom.The people can be right, but not forceful.

The people can lead, not force!

"Haha, I'm also whimsical, you may have a taste or two." Zhao Han didn't force the ministers to understand, otherwise it would violate the spirit of this sentence.

After the emperor said so, people will naturally study it, and it will become a way of understanding in the future.

Zhao Han also said: "I ordered the migration of the clans, and many local officials blindly act recklessly. Recklessness is nothing more than that. After all, they are carrying out the emperor's orders. It is wrong to discredit the emperor and the court, and it will definitely be dealt with. In addition, in the future, whether the people can understand or not, the truth must be explained clearly to the people.”

"Remember, ministers!" All the ministers bowed and saluted.

On Zhao Han's side, there are two more things, one is to edit "History of Ming Dynasty", and the other is to edit "Law of Great Harmony".

As for Li Zicheng and Man Qing, they are already on the verge of exploding.

Chapter 574 [Moving the capital of the Qing Dynasty? 】

Shenyang, Political Conference.

Only Daishan, Dorgon, Mandahai, and a little emperor, Shunzhi, remained as the owners of the Eight Banners. . .

The nobles of the Eight Banners also suffered heavy casualties.

Even the ministers of state affairs were nearly half dead.At the Manchu Qing Dynasty meeting at this moment, the scene was full of new faces, and many young people were temporarily promoted.

The little emperor sits on the throne, and the big jade is behind the curtain.

Da Yuer's voice came out slowly: "Continuous battles, repeated defeats, Liaodong and Liaoxi, lost cities and lands. Whose fault is this?"

Nurhachi's nephew, Xihan, came out and glared at Dorgon, saying, "Haoge urged us to send troops to fight, and Dorgon agreed immediately. The two of them, regardless of our objections, insisted on drawing a large army to enter the customs. If the Eight Banners warriors are not drawn Let's go, how can southern Liaoning be lost? If the warriors of the Eight Banners are not taken away, how can the battle of Yaozhou be defeated? Emperor Taizu said, let him come a few ways, and I will go all the way. Dorgon and Haoge, but want to Divide the army into two groups, and send the Eight Banners Army to garrison each city. Isn’t this a violation of Taizu’s teachings? Haoge is dead, but Dorgon is still alive, so Dorgon should be punished for his crime!”

Dorgon has no expression on his face. He has been under house arrest for more than a month, and he knows that it is time to announce the result of the disposal today.

Minister of State Sukesaha came out and said: "Your Majesty, Queen Mother, I want to impeach Dorgon. The first crime is falsely calling the emperor's father the regent, and directly calling your majesty the little emperor; the second crime is that when he was still in Beijing, Whenever the army went out, he forced the civil and military ministers to kneel down to send them off; the third crime was that Dorgon got out of the sedan chair after passing the Meridian Gate when he was in court in Beijing; All according to the rules of the Son of Heaven..."

"To shut up!"

Dorgon was furious, and shouted at Sukesaha: "Even if I did these things, you shouldn't report them!"

Sukesaha held his head high and held his chest high: "Rebellious ministers and thieves, everyone can punish them, I am just doing my duty as a minister."

There was silence in the hall, only these two people were left arguing.

Sukesaha is Dorgon's confidant and was promoted by Dorgon.Now it was him who gave Dorgon a fatal blow.

Da Yuer asked Dai Shan: "Prince Li, there are so many crimes, how should we deal with them?"

Dai Shan bowed his head and said, "But it's up to the Queen Mother to decide."

Da Yuer asked again: "What suggestions do you ministers have?"

Leng Sengji came out and said: "You should take away your title, demote you to common people, and confiscate your family property and cattle records."

This person came from the Yehenala family, and had been the head of the Shunzhi Emperor's bodyguard, and was promoted by Dayuer to be a minister and earl.What he said represented Dayuer's wishes.

As soon as Leng Sengji finished speaking, court civil and military officials all echoed.

In this regard, Dorgon was demoted to a common man, and all property and cattle records were confiscated.

After dealing with Dorgon, Daishan said: "Your Majesty, Queen Mother, the most urgent task is to reorganize the Eight Banners, and quickly forge armor and weapons."

"Prince Li is right." Da Yuer expressed his appreciation.

Today, only Daishan's Zhenghongqi has not suffered much loss.Although Man Dahai is alive, there are not many soldiers left in the red flag.The father and son can be regarded as a major force second only to the imperial power.

Dorgon brought back many rout soldiers and bannermen. Since they were confiscated, of course they should be ruled by the emperor.

Daishan was ordered to preside over the reorganization of the Eight Banners. After reorganization and reorganization, he barely compiled 3000 troops, which was about the strength of the previous three banners.But there are only half of the soldiers with complete armor and perfect weapons, and the food is almost gone.

Liaoyang City is still in the hands of the Qing Dynasty, but the villages and towns outside the city are all controlled by peasant rebels.

Thousands of Tartars were trapped in the city and dared not go out at all.Once they go out of the town to suppress the peasant army, the Datong army will show up at any time, and Liaoyang City will be captured in minutes.

In the villages and towns around Shenyang, peasant uprisings also began.

……

Liaoyang.

Just after the rainy season, Li Zheng led troops here, and a large number of peasant soldiers volunteered to help out as civilian husbands.

The chief general of Liaoyang city guard, Husai, the youngest son of Daishan, was only 15 years old and started fighting with the army. Now he has been named the Duke of Zhen.

Although Husai was flustered, he arranged the city defense in an orderly manner.

It's just that the army rations are too small, and they can eat for another two months by looting the whole city.If after two months, they still cannot get supplementary military rations, then they will have to eat people.

There is a lot of grain outside the city, and the wheat has begun to ear, and it will flower and pollinate in a few days.

The wheat originally belonged to the Manchu and Han landlords, but now it has become the spoils of war of the Datong army.The Datong Army has sent people to reorganize the peasant army, and all of them have been organized into a peasant army. At the same time, they have also established peasant associations in the countryside to distribute land to the peasants.

After the wheat in the field is harvested, [-]% will be handed over to the Datong Army, and [-]% will be distributed to the farmers by the Datong Army.

The moat outside the city was finally gradually filled.

On a section of the city wall, Zhuo Li Ketu said: "Father, we have to find a way to dedicate the city. I heard that all our tribesmen were captured by the Han army. Jurchen didn't even have food, so how did they win?"

"I'm ready, you sneak out of the city tonight." Sangba said.

Shanba is the leader of the remnant tribe of Wuliang Ha Mongolia. He belonged to Houjin more than ten years ago and was named the Duke of Zhen Guo ten years ago.Their tribal territory was in Fuxin City hundreds of years later, and the cavalry battle between Wang Tingchen and Haoge also broke out near there.

After tidying up Hauge, Wang Tingchen smoothly pacified the Mongolian tribe there.

Shanba and his son followed Dorgon to defeat in Yaozhou. At this time, they not only lost their horses, but even had only about 200 soldiers left.There was a shortage of food in the city, and their hometown was taken away. How could they have the heart to help the Tartars defend the city?

At night, Shanba quietly took out the rope, let his followers watch the wind, tied his son by the waist, and hung him down to the city.

"What are you doing?" Someone suddenly shouted.

But the main general, Husai, was always worried about the Mongols, and asked his cronies to monitor the city walls garrisoned by the Mongols at any time.

Shanba was shocked when he heard the words, and he drew his sword and shouted: "I don't care anymore, the warriors of Lejin in Mongolia have captured Liaoyang and dedicated it to the Han army. When the time comes, I will take you home!"

Zhuoli Ketu, who was hanged from the city wall, quickly untied the rope and ran towards the moat. He was going to the Datong Army to ask for reinforcements.

Shanba led more than 200 Mongols and fought towards the city tower with all his strength, intending to go down and open the city wall.

"Mongolzin has rebelled!" Manchurian soldiers shouted to warn.

Ombu Chuhuer, who was stationed at the other end of the city wall, was terrified when he heard the shouts.This guy is the great-grandson of Dayan Khan, and Zu Dashou was captured for the first time, which was his great contribution.His tribe is located next door to Shamba, that is, Beipiao City hundreds of years later.

Moreover, the tribes of the two are both regarded as Mongolian Lejin people.

Ombu Chuhuer's tribe was also wiped out by Wang Tingchen.But before that, it was robbed by Hauge's troops to collect food, weapons and armor.

Ombu Chuhuer and his soldiers didn't want to stick to Liaoyang for a long time. They were looking forward to going home early to see what was going on there.The Manchurian soldiers yelled "Mongolia Lejin", and finally strengthened Ombu Chuhuer's determination to rebel, and immediately led his troops to kill the nearby Qing army.

The shouts of killing on the two city walls shook the sky, and a group of soldiers with the banner of the Han army in the north of the city simply began to rebel.

"The Southern Manzi has entered the city! The Southern Manzi has entered the city!"

Suddenly someone shouted in the city, but it was Datong's secret agent lurking here, who finally found a chance to create even greater chaos.

Husai led his own soldiers to kill Shanba, shouting along the way: "Don't panic, don't panic, each guards the city wall!"

However, the defenders in the city have long been frightened, and they all know that the army rations are running out.

To the east of the city, there was actually a group of Eight Banners Army, who opened the city gate and fled directly.Their hometown is in the mountains outside the Great Wall of Liao, and now they just want to go back to their hometown to fish and hunt, and they don't want to fight to the death with the Datong army.

"Bang bang bang bang!"

This is the firearms unit compiled and trained by Daishan, led by Husai to defend Liaoyang City, and at the moment they fired their guns at the rebellious Mongols.

Shanba, who took the lead in the incident, was shot to death because he charged forward.

After quelling the Shanba rebellion, Husai went to suppress Ombu Chuhuer again.But the latter was very clever, and instead of continuing to attack the Qing army, he led his troops into the streets and alleys of the city, calling for the Nanmanzi to enter the city along the way, wanting to completely disrupt the city.

"My lord, the gates of the east city are all open, and many Eight Banners warriors are fleeing!"

Husai was stunned when he heard the words, looked at the mess of the city defense, and said angrily: "This place can't be defended, follow me back to Shengjing!"

The city guard, General Husai, even left the city wall, and fled with his own soldiers to abandon the city.